This generates square-wave pulses, which can then be interpreted into position or motion.Įncoders usually have from 100 to 6,000 segments per revolution. ![]() As the disk rotates, the opaque segments block the light and, where the glass is clear, light is allowed to pass. The disk, which is mounted on the rotating shaft, has patterns of opaque and transparent sectors coded into the disk. Figure 1 shows the fundamental components of a rotary encoder, which consists of a light-emitting diode (LED), a disk, and a light detector on the opposite side of the disk. Rotary encoders are used to measure the rotational motion of a shaft. ![]() Most encoders use optical sensors to provide electrical signals in the form of pulse trains, which can, in turn, be translated into motion, direction, or position. This document describes encoder theory, the basics of measuring an encoder, and options for measuring encoders use NI hardware.Īn encoder is an electromechanical device that can measure motion or position.
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